High pressure hydraulic cylinder buffer seals: Design, function and application

High pressure hydraulic cylinder is an important executive element in construction machinery and industrial equipment, widely used in construction, mining, metallurgy, shipbuilding and other fields. As one of the key components of the high-pressure hydraulic cylinder, the design, function and performance of the buffer seal directly affect the efficiency, stability and service life of the hydraulic cylinder. This paper will be from the design concept, material selection, manufacturing process, application scenarios and future development trends, a comprehensive analysis of high pressure hydraulic cylinder buffer seals.

First, design concept

1. Functional requirements

The main function of the buffer seal is to prevent the shock and vibration of the hydraulic cylinder at the end of the stroke to ensure smooth stop and start. Its design must take into account the following functional requirements:

Buffer performance: Absorb and disperse the impact energy at the end of the hydraulic cylinder stroke to prevent mechanical impact.

Sealing performance: prevent hydraulic oil leakage and ensure the tightness of the hydraulic system.

Wear resistance: Maintain long-term stable performance under high pressure and high frequency use conditions.

Elasticity and resilience: under different working conditions, maintain the elasticity and resilience of the seal to ensure a tight fit.

2. Design parameters

Section shape: The section shape of the buffer seal (such as O, U, V, etc.) has a direct impact on the buffer effect and sealing performance.

Dimensional accuracy: Accurate design of internal diameter, external diameter, thickness and other dimensional parameters to ensure the matching accuracy with the hydraulic cylinder.

Material characteristics: The hardness, toughness, coefficient of thermal expansion and other characteristics of the material determine the wear resistance and thermal stability of the buffer seal.

Second, material selection

1. Commonly used materials

Rubber: such as nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), fluorine rubber (FKM), silicone rubber (VMQ), etc., has good elasticity and oil resistance.

Polyurethane: High strength and wear resistance make it suitable for high pressure and high frequency applications.

Metal: such as stainless steel, copper, aluminum, etc., used to manufacture high pressure and high wear resistance buffer seals.

2. Material characteristics

Hardness: The hardness of the material directly affects the wear resistance and elasticity of the buffer seal.

Oil resistance: Maintain stable performance in hydraulic oil environment, prevent material expansion and aging.

Thermal stability: to maintain the stability of material properties under high temperature environment.

3. Manufacturing process

1. Rubber molding

Molding: Through the mold and high temperature and high pressure process, the rubber material is formed into a buffer seal.

Extrusion molding: The rubber material is extruded by the extruder, which is suitable for cushion seals with complex cross-section shapes.

2. Polyurethane processing

Injection molding: Polyurethane material is injected into the mold by an injection molding machine to create high-precision buffer seals.

Cutting and dressing: Cutting and dressing of molded polyurethane buffer seals to ensure dimensional accuracy and surface quality.

3. Metal processing

Precision casting: Through the precision mold and casting process, the manufacture of high pressure and high wear resistance of metal buffer seals.

Machining: Turning, grinding, milling and other machining processes to ensure the dimensional accuracy and surface finish of metal buffer seals.

Iv. Application scenarios

1. Construction machinery

Excavator: At the end of the stroke of the excavator hydraulic cylinder, the buffer seal ensures a smooth stop and prevents mechanical shock.

Crane: Buffer seals provide a smooth stop and start during the lifting of the crane hydraulic cylinder.

2. Industrial equipment

Press: Buffer seals protect against shock and vibration at the end of the stroke during the stamping of the hydraulic cylinder of the press.

Injection molding machine: Buffer seals ensure smooth operation during mold closing and opening of the hydraulic cylinder of the injection molding machine.

3. Ship equipment

Hydraulic steering gear: During the steering process of the ship's hydraulic steering gear, the buffer seal ensures smooth steering and prevents impact.

Windlass: Buffer seals provide smooth motion control during the lifting and lowering of the windlass hydraulic cylinder.

5. Future Development Trend

1. New materials

Nanomaterials: The use of nanotechnology to manufacture buffer seals to improve their wear resistance and thermal stability.

Composite materials: Combining the advantages of different materials, the development of new composite buffer seals.

2. Advanced manufacturing technology

Additive manufacturing: Through 3D printing technology, the manufacture of complex shapes and high-precision buffer seals is realized.

Intelligent manufacturing: The use of the Internet of Things and big data technology to realize the intelligent and automated manufacturing process of buffer seals.

3. Environmental protection and sustainable development

Low friction materials: Develop low friction materials to reduce energy loss during cylinder operation.

Recyclable materials: Use recyclable materials to achieve sustainable development in the manufacture of buffer seals.

Sum up

The design and manufacture of buffer seals for high pressure hydraulic cylinders is a complex process involving material science, machining and quality control. Through continuous optimization of the design concept, the selection of suitable materials, the use of advanced manufacturing technology and strict quality control, high-performance and high-reliability buffer seals can be manufactured to provide a strong guarantee for the efficient operation of the hydraulic system. With the development of new materials and advanced manufacturing technologies, the design and manufacture of buffer seals will continue to develop in a more efficient and environmentally friendly direction.

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